Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examines the trajectory of Albania's democracy. Despite initial relative progress in establishing a democratic route, last decade's political developments suggest a nuanced regression. They reveal a concerning shift towards electoral authoritarianism. This research uses mixed methods to analyse key democratic indicators from 2006 to 2022. It covers electoral democracy, freedom of expression, judicial independence, and deliberative democracy. Results indicate a significant decline in the level of democracy. This trend is evidenced by the increase in vote-buying and a decrease in electoral fairness. The freedom of expression and association have also diminished, with media and civil society experiencing increased constraints. Although the judicial system shows signs of stability, its effectiveness in counterbalancing political power should increase. This analysis underscores a gradual yet discernible shift in Albania’s political landscape, highlighting the risk of solidifying authoritarian structures under the guise of democratic governance.

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