Abstract
The risk of dying is the highest in newborns and infants. This is one of the most vulnerable periods in development because newborns and infants are exposed to the influence of many risk factors, such as genetics, family or socioeconomic environmental factors. Annual statistics for the first decade of the 20th century showed that one quarter of liveborns died during the first year of life. Data also showed a higher mortality of small children in the country compared to urban areas. Poor food hygiene was the major cause of newborns’ death, both at birth and during the first few months. The last decade of the 20th century was particularly interesting and important to perceive mortality of newborns and infants, because of significant political and socioeconomic disturbances after international sanctions against Serbia and bombing in 1999. Sudden rise of mortality rate of newborns and infants was noticed in all parts of Serbia in 1992 and 1993. It has constantly been decreasing ever since. Acta Medica Medianae 2013;52(3):61-66.
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