Abstract
BackgroundWe analyzed the correlation of the clinical data with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients. The aim of this study is to explore factors that affect RNFL thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients, with a view to providing a new diagnostic strategy.MethodsEighty-two bipolar disorder patients, 35 major depression patients and 274 people who were age and gender matched with the patients were enrolled. Demographic information and metabolic profile of all participants were collected. Best-corrected visual acuity of each eye, intraocular pressure (IOP), fundus examination was performed. RNFL and macular thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Correlations between RNFL and macular thickness and other data were analyzed.ResultsRNFL and macula lutea in bipolar dipolar patients and major depression patients are thinner than normal people. Triglyceride and UA levels are the highest in the bipolar disorder group, while alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST) levels in the depression group are the highest. Age onset and ALT are positively while uric acid (UA) is negatively correlated with RNFL thickness in bipolar dipolar patients. Cholesterol level is positively correlated with RNFL thickness while the duration of illness is correlated with RNFL thickness of left eye in major depression patients.ConclusionsRNFL and macula lutea in bipolar dipolar patients and major depression patients are thinner than normal people. In bipolar disorder patients, age-onset and ALT are potential protective factors in the progress of RNFL thinning, while UA is the pathological factor.
Highlights
We analyzed the correlation of the clinical data with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients
Participants In this cross-sectional study, 82 bipolar disorder patients and 35 major depression patients were enrolled, including the patients treated in psychiatric outpatient clinics and the patients treated in hospital, and they were categorized as Bipolar disorder group and Depression group, respectively
We found that duration of illness could contribute to the thinning of RNFL, while cholesterol level could be protective
Summary
We analyzed the correlation of the clinical data with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in bipolar disorder patients and major depression patients. Due to the lack of evidence of specific pathogenic factors, it’s difficult to detect the early onset of bipolar disorder and major depression, and most patients are diagnosed when the diseases already break out [1, 2] Another question is the accompanying symptoms and the prognosis of bipolar disorder and major depression. A new study shows that retinal vascular trajectory is a potential marker for BD [13, 14], and the duration of the depressive episode is correlated with RNFL thickness [15] Whether such optical changes can be used in the diagnosis of the two diseases, as well as the factors that affect these optical changes, are still unknown. Since the axons in RNFL are nonmyelinated, its pathological changes have been used in the visualization of some neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease, and it’s been found that the thinner RNFL is possibly related to the decrease cognitive abilities in these patients [16], which make it possible to use these optical changes as potential markers of bipolar disorder and major depression
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