Factors related to public COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy based on the "3Cs" model: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: To understand the current situation of the hesitation of COVID-19 vaccines among Chinese residents, analyze the factors of vaccine hesitancy based on the 3Cs model, and to provide reference for population intervention. Methods: From Dec 31, 2020 to Jan 11, 2021, a convenience sampling method was adopted to conduct an online survey of residents in 34 provinces, cities and autonomous regions across the country.The survey content included demographic characteristics, vaccine hesitancy, and the dimensions of the 3Cs (confidence, complacency, and convenience) model.We analyzed the influence of demographic characteristics on vaccine hesitancy by χ2 test.Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of 3Cs variables on vaccine hesitancy. Results: A total of 2 531 respondents were surveyed.Their average age was (33.9±8.9) years old, male to female ratio was 1:1.42, and vaccine hesitating respondents accounted for 44.3%.Logistic regression analysis found that gender (ORfemale=1.33, 95%CI: 1.12-1.58), monthly income (compared with 10 000=1.57, 95%CI: 1.25-1.97), healthcare workers(ORno=1.39, 95%CI: 1.12-1.73), and confidence (OR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.40-0.56) and complacency (OR=2.49, 95%CI: 2.10-2.96) in the 3Cs model showed statistically significant impacts on the hesitation of COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: The confidence and complacency dimensions in the 3Cs model have an impact on the hesitation of COVID-19 vaccines.Future interventions can focus on improving the public's confidence and reducing complacency associated with COVID-19 vaccines to increase the vaccination rate. © 2021, Editorial Department of Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences. All right reserved.