Abstract
To characterize the self-reported adherence of patients with cardiovascular diseases to the use of new oral anticoagulants and to identify factors related to adherence to these drugs. This is a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study, carried out with outpatients. The collection of sociodemographic, clinical, and adherence data, through the Measurement of Adherence to Treatments, was made through telephone calls. Descriptive, correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were used. A total of 120 patients using new anticoagulants for 32.3 months, on average, participated in the study. More than half of the sample consisted of women, who were professionally inactive, with a mean age of 70.1 years and a mean family income of 6.7 minimum wages. The mean adherence score was 5.7, in a possible range between 1 and 6, indicating medication adherence. Inactive employment status, female sex, higher family income, and follow-up at a public outpatient clinic were related to greater adherence to these medications. The patients showed high adherence to new anticoagulants. Employment status, sex, family income, and type of outpatient follow-up were related to medication adherence, and should be considered in the design of interventions for this public.
Highlights
Medication adherence has increasingly been the focus of attention of health researchers, due to the strong impact that non-adherence to treatment can have on public and private health systems in Brazil and in the world
Just over half of the sample consisted of women (55.8%), with a mean age of 70.1 years, with 9.8 (SD = 6.5) years of study, who lived with 1.7 (SD = 1.5) people on average, with a mean family income of 6.7 (SD = 4.7) minimum wages, representing 59.5% of incomes above two minimum wages
Participants took an average of 5.3 drugs/day (SD = 2.5), including new oral anticoagulants (NOAC)
Summary
Medication adherence has increasingly been the focus of attention of health researchers, due to the strong impact that non-adherence to treatment can have on public and private health systems in Brazil and in the world. Non-adherence, in its turn, has been considered by WHO as “a worldwide problem of impressive magnitudes” that has impacted the authorities[2,4]. As part of the health team working to mitigate the problem of non-adherence, based on well-structured evidence, nurses have a critical role in the process of optimizing patient adherence to medication, working in an educational manner in the stages of initiation and implementation of therapy to encourage persistence in the treatment, which leads to the prevention of health problems. In the case of patients being treated with oral anticoagulants (OAC), this reality is no different
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