Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of insomnia symptoms and its relationship with nutritional aspects, gastrointestinal symptoms and chronic diseases among people living with HIV. Methods: a cross-sectional study of 307 people living with HIV in antiretroviral therapy attended by the Specialized AIDS Service of the municipality of Santos (SP), Brazil. The variables evaluated were insomnia symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms and chronic noncommunicable diseases. Results: the prevalence of insomnia symptoms was 79.2%. There was a greater proportion of people living with HIV with insomnia symptoms who had weight changes after HIV diagnosis, unpleasant stomach sensations, poor digestion, poor appetite, respiratory and skin diseases. Conclusion: the high prevalence of insomnia symptoms was related to the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as respiratory and dermatological diseases.
Highlights
People living with HIV (PLWH) have a high prevalence of sleep disorders, which are associated with poorer functioning of the immune system.[1]
It is worth mentioning that the presence of sleep disorders is associated with the chronic diseases themselves, and to Factors related to insomnia in HIV people risk factors for its development, such as smoking, alcoholism and poor dietary habits.[6]
The median time of use of the current drug regimen was 9.4 years (SD 7.6 years), with the Factors related to insomnia in HIV people most used drugs being lamivudine (51.8%), tenofovir (51.5%) and efavirenz (44.2 %)
Summary
People living with HIV (PLWH) have a high prevalence of sleep disorders, which are associated with poorer functioning of the immune system.[1]. In a study of adults living with HIV who started ART early, it was found that difficulty sleeping, total sleep time reduction and daytime sleepiness were the main reported complaints.[3] In a systematic review of the implications pathophysiology of insomnia in PLWH, it was pointed out that the prevalence of sleep disorders varies from 29 to 97%, and this wide variability is justified by the absence of a gold standard for the evaluation of these disorders, from subjective questionnaires to clinical evaluations.[4]. Unlike the era prior to high-potency antiretroviral treatment, when opportunistic infections were the main cause of death of PLWH, this population currently has a high prevalence of chronic diseases. The presence of gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional aspects, such as body mass and changes in body weight, are strongly associated with poor sleep quality.[7]
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