Factors of vitality of the Buryat language

Abstract

The subject of the research in this article is the factors of the vitality (viability) of the language and their influence on the development of the language. The author analyzes the actual parameters of the state of the Buryat language in the context of the main factors of vitality traditionally identified by researchers: the number of ethnic groups or the total number of native speakers, their share in the total population, language environment and language contacts, linguistic parameters, state policy, national identity, attitude to language, language reproduction, availability of materials for language learning, areas of use, place of residence of an ethnic group. The influence of the factor of the state language policy on the state and development of the language is also considered. The main conclusions are that the current state of the Buryat language in the context of the main factors of vitality is characterized by contradictory indicators. On the one hand, there are certain positive developments, on the other hand, there are factors that in many ways negatively affect his condition and development. Thus, the factors of the number of Buryats, their share in the total population of Russia, the Republic of Buryatia, the sphere of use, the place of residence of Buryats are characterized by negative trends. Certain positive aspects can be identified in the context of such factors as linguistic parameters, state policy, national identity, attitude to language, language reproduction, availability of materials for language learning.