Factors Involved in the Occurrence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Urologic and Traumatological Surgery Seen at the Morafeno Toamasina University Hospital Center

Abstract

Introduction Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are disabling symptoms after surgery. Several risk factors are incriminated in their occurrence. Our goal is to determine the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and then observe the intricate parameters in their occurrence in our center. Materials and methods We conducted a prospective observational moncentric study involving all patients over 15 years of age undergoing urological or traumatic surgery over a period of two consecutive months. Results Of the 134 patients selected, the incidence of PONV was 25.3% and this incidence increased proportionally with age. PONV is of interest to both men and women. The presence of a history of transport sickness, peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux disease, diabetes, is at risk for PONV. The administration of opioid and a duration of intervention greater than two hours increases the risk of PONV. Dexamethasone prophylaxis appeared to be effective. In our study, the type of anesthesia had no impact on the appearance of the PONV. Conclusion A case-control study on a large number of staff is warranted in order to highlight exactly the risk factors taking into account our context as a reference center in urological and traumatological surgery in the eastern region of Madagascar. .