Abstract
The Azerbaijani part of the Greater Caucasus consists of mountain ranges, mountainous depressions and sloppy plains. Different types of relief forms and landscapes have been formed during the repetition of endogenous and exogenous processes that have emerged as a result of the mutual influence of internal and external forces on the relief. The factors which influence the southern slope geosystems of the Greater Caucasus were first studied by us. Landscape-ecological assessment of the area was carried out using suitable, satisfactory, tense, crisis-critical and standard criteria, and a landscape map was compiled on its basis. The materials include the steppe expedition data. The applied methods are landscape-geomorphological, historical, comparative, mathematical-statistical, cartographic. Resistance of natural landscapes to anthropogenic influences is determined.
Highlights
Within the territory of Azerbaijan, on the southern slope of the Greater Caucasus natural landscapes have been changed and replaced by modern forms where the population is densely populated, economic areas, as well as the transport network developed, the rapid growth of anthropogenic factors, and natural disasters, such as active floods, landslide, avalanche, etc., occur intensively
The southern slope of the Greater Caucasus extends to the east (Girdmanchay basin) from the west (Georgian border) at 220 km within the territory of Azerbaijan
Strong rains on the southern slope of the Greater Caucasus are observed in May and July, the precipitation with average intensity
Summary
Within the territory of Azerbaijan, on the southern slope of the Greater Caucasus natural landscapes have been changed and replaced by modern forms where the population is densely populated, economic areas, as well as the transport network developed, the rapid growth of anthropogenic factors, and natural disasters, such as active floods, landslide, avalanche, etc., occur intensively. Geological and geomorphological conditions of southern slope of the Greater Caucasus, can be attributed by neotectonic movements observed intensively, its climate, morphometric indicators, flood accidents, economic activity of people, etc. As a result of increasing impact of people on the southern slopes landscape complexes in the Greater Caucasus, expansion of the area appropriation more than normal and growing of human impact on natural territorial complexes lead to negative ecogenic relief forms. Depending on the lithological content of rocks, fragmentation and density of the relief, slopes inclination, the climatic conditions of the area, its soil and vegetation, population settlement, as well as their economic activity the differential features of modern landscape can be determined. The plants such as buttercup, thyme and clover in the erosional mountainmeadow lands of mid-dissected, steep (stingy) mountain slopes
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