Abstract
Using novel approaches, namely Fourier autoregressive distributive lag (F-ADL) cointegration and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (N-ARDL), this article analyzes how infrastructure investment and environmental R&D affected the material footprint from 1995Q1 to 2019Q4 in the USA while controlling financial development and economic growth. The outcomes reveal that (i) a reduction in the material footprint can be achieved through increasing environmentally related R&D; (ii) by increasing the environmental R&D, material consumption can be used more effectively; (iii) an increase in financial development leads to an increase in the material footprint; and (iv) the slowdown of the economy contributes to efficient material consumption. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-8. © 2024 SETAC.
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