Abstract
The influence of emulsified oil, suspended solids, Fe3+, Fe2+, cationic water clarifier and sulfate-reducing (SR) bacteria on the aggregation behavior of residual hydrophobic modified polyacrylamide in treated oily wastewater from polymer flooding was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. The result of I1/I3 showed that the polarity of hydrophobic microdomains increased, whereas the size of the hydrophobic microdomains may be decreased, where the value of I1/I3 represents the ratio of the intensity of peak I1 (374.0 nm) to that of peak I3 (385.0 nm) of the vibration fine structure of pyrene monomer emission in residual polymer solution. The results of the ratio of I1 at 48 h to I1 at 0 h (I1,48h/I1,0h) indicated that oil and cationic water clarifier could inhibit the aggregation to some extent, while Fe2+ and suspended solids were helpful for aggregation, and Fe3+ and SR bacteria had no significant influence on the aggregation of polymer.
Highlights
The influence of emulsified oil, suspended solids, Fe3?, Fe2?, cationic water clarifier and sulfate-reducing (SR) bacteria on the aggregation behavior of residual hydrophobic modified polyacrylamide in treated oily wastewater from polymer flooding was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering
The result of I1/I3 showed that the polarity of hydrophobic microdomains increased, whereas the size of the hydrophobic microdomains may be decreased, where the value of I1/I3 represents the ratio of the intensity of peak I1 (374.0 nm) to that of peak I3 (385.0 nm) of the vibration fine structure of pyrene monomer emission in residual polymer solution
The results of the ratio of I1 at 48 h to I1 at 0 h (I1,48h/I1,0h) indicated that oil and cationic water clarifier could inhibit the aggregation to some extent, while Fe2? and suspended solids were helpful for aggregation, and Fe3? and SR bacteria had no significant influence on the aggregation of polymer
Summary
Polymer flooding plays a major role in global crude oil recovery (Wever et al 2011), and this process can enhance oil recovery by 12% compared with water flooding (Shen et al 2005; Xu et al 2010; Lin et al 2008). There were many other substances in the TOWPF, such as emulsified oil, suspended solids, Fe3?, Fe2?, cationic water clarifier and sulfate-reducing (SR) bacteria These substances have great influence on the stability of residual polymer. No report has been found which discusses the effect of emulsified oil, suspended solids, Fe3?, Fe2?, cationic water clarifier and SR bacteria, on the aggregation behavior of the residual polymer during the treatment. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fluorescent microscopy methods (Liu et al 2016; Zhong et al 2010) are most frequently used to study the aggregation behavior of polymers in water These two methods were adopted in this paper to systematically investigate the effects of emulsified oil, suspended solids, Fe3?, Fe2?, cationic water clarifier and SR bacteria on the aggregation behavior of residual polymer. The results should be helpful for analyzing the stability of residual HMPAM in TOWPF
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