Factors Influencing Somatic Embryo Maturation in Sugi (Japanese Cedar, Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L.f.) D. Don).

Tsuyoshi E. Maruyama,Hideki Mori,Takumi Kaneeda,Yoshinari Moriguchi,Saneyoshi Ueno

doi:10.3390/plants10050874

Tsuyoshi E. Maruyama, Hideki Mori + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10050874

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Abstract

This paper presents the results of several experiments identifying basal salts (BS) contained in maturation medium, polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration, abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, additional supplementation with potassium chloride (KCl), amino acid (AA) concentration, and proliferation culture medium (PCM) as the main culture factors affecting somatic embryo maturation in sugi (Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica, Cupressaceae). Highly efficient embryo maturation was achieved when embryogenic cell lines (ECLs) were cultured on media supplemented with a combination of PEG, ABA, and AAs. More than 1000 embryos per gram of fresh weight (FW) can be produced on EM maturation medium supplemented with 175 g L−1 PEG, 100 µM ABA, 2 g L−1 glutamine, 1 g L−1 asparagine, and 0.5 g L−1 arginine.

Highlights

Clonal propagation is an essential tool in biotechnology and breeding programs
This paper describes the results of several experiments, including studies on the effect of basal salts (BS) contained in maturation medium, polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration, abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, additional supplementation with potassium chloride (KCl), amino acid (AA) concentration, and proliferation culture medium (PCM), as the main culture factors affecting somatic embryo maturation in Japanese cedar
The highest maturation efficiency was achieved with S-18 embryogenic cell lines (ECLs) matured on EM medium (335.3 embryos) and the lowest efficiencies with S-73 and S-113 ECLs matured on MS medium

Summary

Introduction

Clonal propagation is an essential tool in biotechnology and breeding programs. Among the available clonal propagation methods, somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the most attractive technique for the large-scale propagation of conifers and long-term conservation of different embryogenic cell lines (ECLs) without changing their initial characteristics [1]. The mass propagation of conifers by SE, which was developed over the last three decades, has become the first biotechnology showing great potential for application in forestry [2]. The low efficiency of somatic embryo maturation is one of the major problems hampering efficient mass production and limiting practical applications [4]. The high-quality somatic embryo production is one of the most important factors for using SE protocols in commercial propagation and breeding programs [5]

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