Abstract
Due to the fact of activity, environment and work dynamics, the construction industry is characterised by high accident rates. Different initiatives have emerged to reduce these figures, which focus on using new methodologies and technologies for safety management. Therefore, it is essential to know the key factors and their influence on safety in construction projects (fSCPs) to focus efforts on these elements. Through a systematic literature review, based on PRISMA methodology, this article identifies, describes and categorises 100 factors that affect construction safety. It thus contributes by providing a comprehensive general framework, unifying previous studies focused on specific geographic areas or case studies with factors not considered or insufficiently disaggregated, along with an absence of classifications focused on understanding where and how factors affect the different dimensions of construction projects. The 100 factors identified are described and categorised according to the dimensions and aspects of the project in which these have an impact, along with identifying whether they are shaping or immediate factors or originating influences for the generation of accidents. These factors, their description and classification are a key contribution to improving the systematic creation of safety and generating training and awareness materials to fully develop a safety culture in organisations.
Highlights
There are some obvious d such as working at heights or the use of the traditional heavy equipment or machinery, but gers, such as working at heights or the use of the traditional heavy equipment there are others that are not so obvious or even hidden which are causing many injuries or mach but there are others that arethe notimpacts so obvious or even as hidden arethis causing ma every day, whichery, despite not being so striking, are great.which. It is for injuries every day, which despite not being so striking, the impacts are reason that a systematic understanding of all the factors affecting construction safety is key as grea is several for this management reason that a systematic understanding ofto allhelp the factors to implementing systems and technologies reduceaffecting accidentconstruct safety is key to implementing several management systems and technologies rates
Despite the growing incorporation of new methodologies and technologies in the construction industry, a growing digitalisation with much more precise and real-time monitoring of actions, more sophisticated heavy and sensorised machinery and computer modelling of every task aimed at improving sector productivity, accident rates have not fallen, and safety management has not responding efficiently to this historical problem
A detailed understanding of the problem is key to improving safety management and reducing risks and accidents in construction
Summary
The construction industry is relevant for national economic and social development. It represents 6% of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP) and is expected to reach more than 14% by 2030 [1]. The construction sector is one of the most dangerous industries globally, with the highest accident rates [3]. Compared with the manufacturing industry, the probability of suffering a serious accident in construction is 2.5 times higher, and the probability of a deadly accident is five times higher [4]. Between 30–40% of construction sector accidents are fatal [5]. Accident figures have varied little or have even increased and, the sector’s concern regarding these issues has increased, giving rise to initiatives towards a zero accident vision [6] focused on the systematic and profound improvement of safety in construction [7,8]
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