Factors Influencing Perception of Microenterprise Activities by Women in Turkana Community in Kenya

Abstract

The role of micro and small-scale enterprises sector (MSEs) in the development process has been at the centre of development debate for the last three decades in Kenya and elsewhere in the developing world. Economic hardship experienced in the formal sector in Kenya, and indeed in other developing countries have contributed to the enthusiasm now associated with MSEs sector. Increasingly, the sector is perceived as critical component of much needed skills, employment and generation of livelihood for growing number of people within urban as well as rural sector. Non- Governmental Organizations, Church based organizations and relevant lines Government Ministries have played a major role in business development in Turkana community, assisting mainly women and youth to start and manage group businesses. The commonly used mode of assistance is the provision of finance and financial management skills, as well as connecting client with market outlets. Despite all these efforts businesses collapse as soon as the assisting organization has pulled out. This study sought to contribute to this effort through determining factors influencing perception of Microenterprise activities by women in Turkana community in Kenya. The study was based on survey research design. The study was conducted through interview using a structured questionnaire with a five point Likert–type scale. The target population was all women in Turkana community and a sample of 80 respondents were interviewed to determine to what extent cultural factors, socioeconomic factors, access to credit and government programs influence perception of Microenterprise activities by Women in Turkana Community. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data. Findings were presented using frequency and percentage tables. Statistical package for social scientists was used in analyzing Quantitative data. Qualitative was transcribed, organized into various emerging themes and reported. The study found out that family care and cultural based stereo-type roles have made it difficult for youth and women to engage in micro enterprise activities, respondents did not have relevant skills and training in business and due to low educational level the youth and women micro entrepreneurs had not appreciated access to credit as an engine for business development.