Abstract
To help reduce the number of pedestrians lying on the road suffering fatal or severe injuries as a result of vehicle collisions, we investigated the influencing factors. We conducted an analysis of the records of the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis Japan between 2012 and 2018; we found that 2452 pedestrians lying on the road were involved in collisions (797 fatalities, 784 severely injured, 871 mildly injured). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following as major factors that positively influenced the fatalities: head or neck injuries (odds ratio [OR], 90.221); trunk injuries (OR, 71.040); trucks as offending vehicle (OR, 2.741); collision velocity of 10–20 km/h (OR, 31.794), 20–30 km/h (OR, 2.982), 30–40 km/h (OR, 8.394), 40–50 km/h (OR, 16.831), and >50 km/h (OR, 18.639); and hit-and-run cases (OR, 1.967). The following had a positive influence on severe injuries: trunk injuries (OR, 4.060); collision velocity of 10–20 km/h (OR, 2.540), 20–30 km/h (OR, 3.700), 30–40 km/h (OR, 5.297), 40–50 km/h (OR, 5.719), and ≥50 km/h (OR, 5.244); and hit-and-run cases (OR, 2.628). Decreasing the collision velocity, avoiding collisions to the head and neck or trunk, and preventing hit-and-run cases would be effective in reducing fatal or severe injuries to pedestrians lying on the road.
Highlights
Every year, 1.35 million people die on the world’s roads; road crashes kill one person every 24 s [1]
Decreasing the collision velocity, avoiding collisions to the head and neck or trunk, and preventing hit-and-run cases would be effective in reducing fatal or severe injuries to pedestrians lying on the road
We selected for analysis the 2452 pedestrians who had been lying on the road; there were 797 fatalities and 1655 casualties (784 severe injuries, and 871 mild injuries)
Summary
1.35 million people die on the world’s roads; road crashes kill one person every 24 s [1]. Most of those deaths and injuries are considered preventable. The United Nations set sustainable development goals for 2030; the goals include everyone having access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems with improving road safety [1]. The General Assembly of the United Nations set a new target for the international community: reducing the number of road deaths by 50% by 2030 as the prime objective of the new decade of action for road safety, 2021–2030 [2]. The typical situation with vehicle-pedestrian collisions is a pedestrian aiming to cross a road and being hit by a vehicle
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