Abstract
Introduction:Professional values are standards of behavior for performance that provide a framework for appraising beliefs and attitudes that influence behavior. Development of professional values has been a continuous and long process and it is influenced by different factors. The aim of this study is “assessing different factors influencing development of professional values among nursing students and instructors”.Method:In this systematic review, a broad research was performed to find articles from Persian and English databases: pub Med, Pro quest, Elsevier, SID, Google scholar, Ovid and Iran Doc; nursing student, instructors, ethics, professional value, ethical value and educators were used as the key words. Among 3205 achieved articles, by eliminating repeated ones, 22 articles were assessed during the period 1995–2013. Data achieved from the articles were summarized, categorized and analyzed based on the research question.Results:In this study “education and achieving professional experiences”, “Students and instructors’ perspectives on professional values”, “the role of culture in considering and developing professional special values” and “the effect of learners’ individual characteristics” were extracted as the four main themes.Conclusion:Considering the effect of educational, cultural and individual factors in developing nurses’ professional values; it is recommended to the educational and health centers to consider value-based cares in clinical environments for the patients in addition to considering the content of educational programs based on ethical values in the students’ curriculum.
Highlights
Professional values are standards of behavior for performance that provide a framework for appraising beliefs and attitudes that influence behavior
Based on the systematic review regarding factors influencing development of professional values of the nursing students and instructors, results achieved from the study can be explained in the form of the following themes:
That purposeful integration of value-based education in the nursing curriculum causes the application of professional values such as; human dignity, altruism and social justice in clinical work and it is going to be as a legacy of caring behavior and a strong positive point for the nurses’ work in the future (Fahrenwald et al, 2005)
Summary
Professional values are standards of behavior for performance that provide a framework for appraising beliefs and attitudes that influence behavior. Professional values are the performance standards that are accepted by the professional and specialist group (Schank & Weis, 2001), these values are the base of nursing performance, the director of the nurses’ interaction with the patients, colleagues and other professionals and the public (Leners, Roehrs, & Piccone, 2006) and as a guideline for ethical behavior to provide security and humanitarian care (Lawler, 2008). Personal values will be developed through being influenced by family, culture, society, environment, religious belief and ethnicity (Blais, 2010). Acquisition of these values is a gradual and evolutionary process which happens throughout people’s life (Leners et al, 2006). The acquisition and internalizing professional values are necessary in care setting for professional development (Horton, Tschudin, & Forget, 2007) and providing a common framework for meeting professional expectations and standards besides increasing ethical dilemmas
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