Factors Influencing COVID-19 Prevention Behavior: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in Indonesia forced the local community to live in a New Normal era with several rules and health protocols that control the community’s behavior on COVID-19 prevention and control. This policy enabled several districts in Indonesia to reopen their travel and tourism sectors including Banyuwangi. Although the Banyuwangi Government already taking action in the implementation of the New Normal in the travel and tourism sectors, the COVID-19 trend in Banyuwangi was significantly increased. This suggest that the violation to health protocols and new normal policy could exist in Banyuwangi. AIM: This study aimed to identify the predisposition, enabling, and reinforcing factors in the COVID-19 prevention and control behavior and analyze factors that associated with the COVID-19 prevention and control behavior in Banyuwangi district local community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was conducted. The data were obtained through online survey that was disseminated to Banyuwangi district local community. A descriptive, linear regression, and logistic regression analysis was applied. RESULTS: The knowledge and attitude on COVID-19 preventive behavior of the 352 respondents in this study were poor and adequate, respectively. The predisposition factors associated with the COVID-19 prevention and control behavior in this study were sex (p = 0.005), level of education (p = 0.028), knowledge (p = 0.015), and attitude (p ≤ 0.01). The reinforcing factor associated with the behavior was support from family (p ≤ 0.01), key opinion leader (p = 0.02), and health worker (p = 0.05). Health facility and infrastructure were also found to be associated with the behavior (p ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION: Several approaches and commitments from the policymakers to strengthen those factors are required to improve the behavior on COVID-19 prevention and control.