Factors increasing ethylene production enhance the sensitivity of root growth to auxins

Abstract

Light inhibits root elongation, increases ethylene production and enhances the inhibitory action of auxins on root elongation of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Weibulls Marma) seedlings. To investigate the role of ethylene in the interaction between light and auxin, the level of ethylene production in darkness was increased to the level produced in light by supplying 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) or benzylaminopurine (BAP). Ethylene production was measured in excised root tips after treatment of intact seedlings for 24 h, while root growth was measured after 48 h. Auxin, at a concentration causing a partial inhibition of root elongation, did not increase ethylene production significantly. A 4‐fold increase in ethylene production, caused either by light, 0.1 μM ACC or 0.1 μM BAP, inhibited root elongation by 40–50%. The auxins 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and indolebutyric acid applied at 0.1 μM inhibited root elongation by 15–25% in darkness but by 50–60% in light. Supply of ACC or BAP in darkness enhanced the inhibitory effects of auxins to about the same extent as in light. The inhibition caused by the auxins as well as by the BAP was associated with swelling of the root tips. ACC and BAP treatment synergistically increased the swelling caused by auxins. We conclude that auxin and ethylene, when applied or produced in partially inhibitory concentrations, act synergistically to inhibit root elongation and increase root diameter. The effect of light on the response of the roots to auxins is mediated by a light‐induced increase in ethylene production.