Factors determining successful treatment outcome among notified tuberculosis patients in Belagavi district of North Karnataka, India

Abstract

IntroductionIndian government has implemented various strategies to track newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) cases and ensure follow-up for registered cases. Appropriate measures have been adapted to combat the spread of TB. Success of the treatment determines the effectiveness of the national TB control program. AimPresent study analyzed the recorded data to study the clinico-epidemiological profile and explore the factors that might influence treatment outcome among notified tuberculosis patients. Design and settingsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using secondary data in Belagavi district. Subjects and methodsData of TB patients notified and registered under Nikshay portal in the year 2019 were collected from the district tuberculosis office and factors influencing treatment outcome were analyzed. Statistical analysisDescriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. ResultsThe study revealed that females, younger age group, absence of comorbidities, having extra-pulmonary TB, smear-negative pulmonary TB, and new TB patients exhibited a statistically significant association with successful treatment outcome. ConclusionIn the study area, the mean treatment success rate (83.8 %) aligned with the national success rate of 82 %. Early detection of tuberculosis may help in increasing treatment success rates. Delivering comprehensive counseling to TB patients regarding the disease, its treatment and management plays a decisive role in achieving successful treatment outcomes.