Abstract
This paper attempts to explain the formation of entrepreneurial intention of Albanian students by using the Theory of Planned Behavior. It aims in understanding how the personal and contextual variables, affect the entrepreneurial intention of students in Albania. The main purpose of our study is to describe, predict and analyse an important factor of the entrepreneurial process: the entrepreneurial intention. We conduct a detailed analysis of theoretical background in order to highlight a conceptual framework of entrepreneurial intention based on the model of Shapero and Sokol (1982) taken over by Krueger (1993). We draw our model on a sample of 556 students in three public universities. We use structural equation models to test our hypothesis on the entrepreneurial intention of students. The use of structural equations, aims in creating robust latent variables out of single survey questions, by assuring the reliability of the constructs. The data were tested for multi-trait with a multi-method model. Some of our findings were consistent with the theory of Planned Behavior, while others were not. The data show a positive relationship between both attitude and subjective norms with students' entrepreneurial intentions, while, as unexpected, the self-efficacy despite their positive relationship, have a lower effect over entrepreneurial intentions. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n3p233
Highlights
During the last couple of years, Albania has shown an increased interest in developing entrepreneurship in young ages
We propose the following hypothesis in order to verify the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model in the context of Albanian public university students of Tirana: H1: Attitude toward entrepreneurship has a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention of students H2: Subjective norm regarding entrepreneurship has a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention of students
The fact of having entrepreneurs as family members gives more attitude than having none (+.190), but this is lower than the gender relation
Summary
During the last couple of years, Albania has shown an increased interest in developing entrepreneurship in young ages. This paper studies the role of each of the determinants of entrepreneurship intention, by investigating the impact of individual characteristics and know how; personal attitude and desirability to create a business; feasibility and desirability; while controlling for external determinants such as the support of relatives and society as a whole in strengthening the entrepreneurial intentions. In addition it identifies the role of self-confidence and self-effectiveness of the Albanian students in determining their entrepreneurial intention
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