FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO GENDER DISPARITIES IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS: EVIDENCE FROM SOME SELECTED HIGHER LEARNING INSTITUTIONS IN TANZANIA

Abstract

The role of women in the development of nations has continued to gain its attention all over the world. That is why, issues concerning with gender disparities are often addressed. In Tanzania, gender inequality, especially the dominance of men is well reflected in leadership positions in higher learning institutions. This study, therefore, investigated factors contributing to gender disparities in leadership and managerial positions in the selected higher learning institutions in Tanzania. The study employed a mixed method and design utilizing both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and interview. Quantitative data were analysed through descriptive statistics and qualitative data through thematic analysis. The study revealed that family commitment, patriarchy culture, motherhood and men tending to be decision makers contribute to gender disparity in leadership positions in higher learning institutions. The study is significant to women because it addresses the factors that are pushing them back from holding leadership positions and their solutions. Also it is significant to policy makers because it will direct them towards making policies that touch gender inclusion in all levels as well as institutions to improve their efforts towards woman empowerment at working place.