Factors contributing in non-adherence to inhaler therapy among patients with obstructive airway diseases in a tertiary care setting

Abstract

Medication adherence is crucial for managing respiratory conditions effectively. This study aimed to explore the multifaceted factors influencing medication adherence among patients with respiratory illnesses. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, focusing on patient demographics, characteristics, clinical factors, beliefs about medications, and reasons for irregular medication use. A cross-sectional design assessed medication adherence and beliefs in COPD patients through questionnaires. The study identified a middle-aged population (average age: 48.5 years) with high smoking prevalence, aligning with established COPD risk factors. Medication adherence scores indicated moderate levels (average ARMS score: 62.7), but with significant individual variation. Financial burden emerged as the primary barrier, with nearly 28% of participants reporting cost-related non-adherence, particularly impacting lower socioeconomic status (SES) patients. Social stigma regarding respiratory illness, a novel factor, influenced adherence, especially in urban areas (19.8% reported experiencing stigma). The study found a positive correlation between positive medication beliefs and adherence, highlighting the importance of fostering trust in treatment effectiveness. Additionally, a confirmed COPD diagnosis and specific inhaler devices (DPI, PMDI with spacer) were linked to improved adherence. This study identified significant factors impacting medication adherence in COPD, including financial constraints, social stigma, medication beliefs, and inhaler device type.