Abstract
The aim was to identify factors associated with non-initiation of prophylactic treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBi) in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA), based on a prospective cohort study of PLWA ≥ 18 years of age in two referral services for HIV/AIDS. Of the 232 patients eligible for treatment of LTBi, 69.8% initiated treatment. Following multivariate logistic regression analysis, only treatment in one of the two referral services was associated with non-initiation of treatment for LTBi (p < 0.001). TB incidence in the cohort was 0.6/100 person-years. TB incidence in patients that initiated treatment of LTBi was 0.4/100 person-years, compared to 1.2/100 person-years in those that did not initiate treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant. The study's most interesting finding was that the main factor associated with the likelihood of treatment for LTBi was the health service where the patient was treated.
Highlights
Potentially curable, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem
The aim was to identify factors associated with non-initiation of prophylactic treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBi) in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA), based on a prospective cohort study of PLWA ≥ 18 years of age in two referral services for HIV/AIDS
This study has identified that treatment for LTBi when indicated remains unsatisfactory in the two SAEs for HIV/AIDS where the study was developed, which together account for 70% of the health care of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Pernambuco
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem. It is responsible for causing illness among millions of people each year and is ranked as the second leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide, after the onset of the pandemic of HIV 1. Of the 22 countries that account for 82% of the world’s TB cases, Brazil stands in 17th place. Amongst the five geographical regions of Brazil, the Northeast appeared in 3rd place in the incidence of the disease, with 35 cases per 100,000 inhabitants 3. The State of Pernambuco presents a TB incidence of 49.8 per 100,000 inhabitants, which represents the third highest in the country and the highest in the Northeast region 3
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