Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine the levels and assessment of self-care in diabetic patients in three hospitals in Ucayali during 2017. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study, conducted in three hospitals in Ucayali during 2017 with a sample size of 572 participants through a stratified random sampling. A self-administered survey was applied that evaluated the general characteristics, the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 24 (DQK-24), the patient's attitude by the Diabetes Attitude Scale (DAS-3) and Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities Measure (SDSCA) which mediates self-care practices. RESULTS: From 572 patients, 50.8% being women, with the median age of 47 years (RIQ: 35-56). Hypertension (22.4%) was the most frequent comorbidity. Also, having an adequate knowledge about their disease (RPa: 2.47; 95% CI: 13.5-4.50), strict control (RPa: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.09-1.65) predispose adherence in their diet. The need for some special training (RPa: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.03-1.47), the perception of the severity in their illness (RPa: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.02-1.55) and have autonomy (RPa: 1.35; 95% CI : 1.12-1.64) predisposed to taste your blood sugar. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the patients performed inadequate self-care activities, knowledge about their disease and strict control influence the patient's diet, as well as special training, perceive the severity of their disease and be autonomous drives the realization of taste blood sugar.
Highlights
the factors associated with self-care activities in diabetic patients
three sections that assess the general characteristics of the patients
The study population consisted of 572 patients
Summary
Objetivo: Determinar cuáles son los factores asociados a la realización de actividades de autocuidado en pacientes diabéticos en tres hospitales de la región de Ucayali durante el 2017. Se presentaron actividades de autocuidado inadecuadas con respecto al control glucémico y ejercicio con 83,87% y 77,87% respectivamente. Se observó que quienes contaron con un adecuado conocimiento y tuvieron un control estricto contaron con una adecuada adherencia respecto a la dieta de los pacientes diabéticos. Con respecto a realizar ejercicio se pudo determinar que existía una correlación negativa respecto al tiempo de enfermedad del paciente. Se determinó que los pacientes con estudios secundarios, técnicos y universitarios presentaban una correlación negativa respecto al control glucémico. Un adecuado nivel de conocimiento y un control estricto sobre su enfermedad influencian en la adherencia a una buena dieta del paciente. Palabras clave: Diabetes Mellitus; Autocuidado; Conocimientos; Actitudes y práctica en salud (fuente: DeCS BIREME)
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