Factors Associated with the Integration of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Nurses into Healthcare Organisations: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies

Abstract

Background. Global nursing shortages have led to the recruitment of culturally and linguistically diverse nurses from various countries. However, nurses face integration challenges in their host countries. Objective. This systematic review aimed to find the most recent evidence of factors associated with integrational strategies and models to support the transition and adaptation of culturally and linguistically diverse nurses to the professional workforce in healthcare settings. Methods. This systematic review used the population, exposure, outcome framework to select studies according to JBI guidelines. Original peer‐reviewed quantitative studies published between 2000 and 2021 were identified. Two researchers independently screened the studies based on eligibility criteria using title, abstract, and full text. The JBI critical appraisal tool assessed the methodology’s quality for analytical cross‐sectional studies. Data were extracted, tabulated, and analysed narratively. PRISMA checklist was used in reporting. Data Sources. CINAHL (Ebsco), PubMed, Medic, ERIC (ProQuest), and Scopus. Results. The systematic review encompassed 19 articles and identified multiple factors associated with successful integration. These factors were classified into the following six categories: sociodemographic characteristics, discrimination, social support, organisational support, workplace environment, and acculturation. Conclusions. Comprehensive cultural competency training for healthcare staff, including managers, enhances cultural proficiency in work environments. Clear guidelines addressing bias and discrimination create a supportive environment where culturally and linguistically diverse nurses feel valued and respected, facilitating their adaptation and integration. Relevance to Clinical Practice. Patient care quality can be improved by ensuring sustainable culturally and linguistically diverse nurses’ integration into healthcare organisations. Cultural diversity is a unique opportunity to bring a diverse range and experience to clinical settings. The diversity can also help enhance the cultural competence of healthcare staff, allowing them to better understand and cater to the needs of culturally diverse patients. Patient or Public Contribution. Not required for study design.