Factors associated with the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Perinatology Ward of Wangaya General Hospital, Denpasar

Abstract

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition defined by an increased total serum bilirubin level exceeding 5 mg/dL and clinically characterized by the presence of jaundice. Jaundice can be observed on the skin and sclera if the bilirubin level increases more than 5 mg/dL. Several risk factors, including birth weight, asphyxia, gestational age, mode of delivery, and breastfeeding practices, have been studied regarding their relationship to the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia, with varying results. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between these risk factors and the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: An analytical observational cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting secondary data from the Perinatology Ward registry and the medical records department. The subjects were neonates treated in the Perinatology Ward of Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar. The data that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were then analyzed with the SPSS 25.Results: There were 59 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia and 135 neonates without hyperbilirubinemia among the 194 research subjects. The results of the chi-square test were the following: p-value for birth weight = 0.002, p-value for asphyxia = 0.002, p value for breastfeeding practice = 0.003, p value for gestational age = 0.000, and p value for delivery mode = 0.110.Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between birth weight, asphyxia, gestational age, breastfeeding practices, and the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the Perinatology Ward, Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar City. Meanwhile, no relationship was observed between the mode of delivery and newborn hyperbilirubinemia.