Abstract
Koreans and Korean Americans (KAs) have limited HPV knowledge and awareness. KAs share a culture with Koreans, and this culture has affected their behavior around HPV. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the factors associated with HPV vaccination among Koreans and KAs. The literature search was done with four databases. The vaccination rate, awareness and knowledge of HPV, and factors associated with vaccination intention were identified. Eighteen articles were selected. Koreans and KAs had low levels of HPV knowledge and awareness. Perceived benefits and seriousness were associated with vaccination intention. Cervical cancer history, beliefs that their daughters need a pap smear test, sexual intercourse experiences, occupation, low education, and income were associated with vaccination intention. This systematic review discovered that HPV vaccination behavior is associated with HPV vaccine awareness, perceived benefits of the vaccine, and the perceived seriousness of HPV infection among Koreans and KAs. Based on the results, we suggest healthcare providers provide a HPV vaccine recommendation by emphasizing the benefits of the vaccination to Koreans and KAs. This study can be the basis for developing interventions to increase HPV vaccination by guiding the target population and variables, as well as the intervention content.
Highlights
One study was excluded in the synthesis process, because it did not provide enough information on the measurements, and the measurements were not consistent with their original references
18 studies were used for synthesis (Figure 1)
This systematic review identified the behavioral aspects for Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and what factors are associated with HPV vaccination intention in Korean Americans (KAs) and Koreans
Summary
HPV infection can lead to cervical, vulvar, anal, upper aerodigestive tract, oral, or skin cancer [2]. The cancer most impacted by vaccination, cervical cancer, had an estimated 14,480 new cases in 2021 in the US [3]. Considering the impact of preventing cancer, the vaccination rate is low. Less than half (43%) of females and about a third (31.5%) of males received the HPV vaccine, and this was much lower than other national vaccination programs (more than 88%) [4]. Research showed the ethnic variations in the vaccination rate: Asian Americans are the lowest HPV-vaccinated population [5]. The percentage of Asian American female young adults who received the vaccine was 22.8%, much lower than the rate for Caucasians (46.3%) [6]
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