Abstract
Objective: To assess Quality of life (QoL) and its associated factors in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Wangaya Hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
 Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during February 2019 to January 2020 at Wangaya Hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. QoL was assessed using the five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), EQ-5D index value, and the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software package version 26.0. Bivariate analysis was tested using the cross-tabulation Gamma, Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Mann-Whitney test. P value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
 Results: A total of 584 PLWHA took HAART for at least 3 mo. The median index value and EQ-VAS were 1.0 (range-0.514–1.0) and 100.00 (range 30-100), respectively. Most patients had problems in ‘anxiety/depression’ and ‘pain/discomfort’ domains. Predictors of better QoL included men, married, good adherence, and treatment duration>24 mo (p<0.05). Predictor of poorer QoL included an advanced HIV clinical stage(p=0.001).
 Conclusion: The QoL scores of PLWHA receiving HAART in our study were high; hence the QoL of PLWHA was good. The good QoL can be taken as the goal for HIV treatment in order to have a successful HAART therapy.
Highlights
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is still a major health issue worldwide [1]
A total of 584 participants (PLWHA) taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for at least 3 mo were willing to be interviewed in this study
The Quality of life (QoL) of People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), who came into Merpati Clinic at Wangaya Hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia are assessed with the EQ-5D5L instrument issued by the EuroQoL which consists of five dimensions including mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort, dan anxiety/depression
Summary
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is still a major health issue worldwide [1]. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) often appears with many comorbidities and stigma from their community [2,3,4]. PLWHA must face the disease caused by HIV infection itself or iatrogenic due to the treatment [5]. HIV/AIDS gives an increasing health burden that causing several socioeconomic problems for the patient, family, community, and government [1,2]. In 2018, approximately 37.9 million people living with HIV infection and 62% of PLWHA in middlelow income countries have received HAART [1]. Not all PLWHA in Indonesia has received HAART. 33% PLWHA received HAART routinely and the dropout rate is still high (23%) [6]
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