Factors Associated with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities Who Were Hospitalized in the Different CT-EPI in the Labe Region, Guinea 2020-2022

Abstract

Coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) shows remarkable symptomatic heterogeneity. To date, only a few demographic and clinical factors, such as advanced age, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, have been associated with poor outcomes and increased risk of mortality from COVID-19. In the Labe region, the lethality of COVID-19 disease remains high in people with comorbidities. In our study, comorbidities were frequently associated with COVID-19 infection and were dominated by hypertension and diabetes. This recognition may help direct efforts toward prevention and management. The objective of the study was to describe the factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities hospitalized in the Labe region (Epidemiological Treatment Centers -CT Epi- and home). <i>Methods: </i>The study was carried out in the CT-Epi of COVID-19. It focused on the analysis of 1443 records of patients hospitalized in the CT-Epi of the Labe Region. It was a transversal and analytical study conducted in July 2022. Factors associated with mortality in patients with comorbidities were identified through patient records and content analysis. <i>Results: </i>A total of 1443 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the Labe region participated in our study, including 244 with comorbidities and 1199 patients with COVID-19 without comorbidities. Among these patients in our study, 823 were men and 620 were women, i.e., a M/F sex ratio of 1.33. The average age was 45 years (Min= 7 years; Max= 99 years). Bivariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant association between comorbidities and the occurrence of death in patients with COVID-19. There is a positive association between this risk factor, which is comorbidity, and the occurrence of death. Therefore, we say that comorbidities are risk factors that are responsible for the occurrence of death in patients with COVID-19 in the Labe region. <i>Conclusion</i>: In our study, advanced age, hypertension, diabetes, HIV, and chronic lung disease were the main risk factors for hospitalization or death due to COVID-19 in the Labe region. Further research is needed to identify risk factors associated with severe forms and mortality of COVID-19 to optimize management of patients with comorbidities. This study places particular emphasis on the priority targets (people over 60 and people with co-morbidities) of accelerated vaccination campaigns against COVID-19.