Abstract
INTRODUCTION
 Studies report that after lower-limb amputation, patients have high levels of pain in the form of chronic low back pain, residual limb pain, and phantom pain leading to restrictions in functional activity1. Patients with high levels of pain and disability may develop avoidance behaviors. Vlaeyen et al. presents the fear-avoidance model, which suggests that after an injury there are two pathways a patient will take based on their interpretation of acute pain 2. Pain that is perceived as non-threatening leads to the patient’s recovery and return to normal activities of daily life. Pain that is perceived as threatening, or pain catastrophizing, causes anxiety and induces mobility apprehension which leads to avoidance behaviors. Avoidance behaviors may then lead to greater pain, depression, and disability3 . Factors described in the literature that are related to mobility apprehension were measured in a sample of lower limb amputees. The purpose was to determine which of pain intensity, interference, and catastrophizing lead to increased mobility apprehension.
 Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32040/24454
 How to cite: Mathis S.L. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MOBILITY APPREHENSION IN AMPUTEES. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, ORAL PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32040 
 Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee. 
 http://www.aopanet.org/
Highlights
Studies report that after lower-limb amputation, patients have high levels of pain in the form of chronic low back pain, residual limb pain, and phantom pain leading to restrictions in functional activity[1]
Pain that is perceived as threatening, or pain catastrophizing, causes anxiety and induces mobility apprehension which leads to avoidance behaviors
Factors described in the literature that are related to mobility apprehension were measured in a sample of lower limb amputees
Summary
Studies report that after lower-limb amputation, patients have high levels of pain in the form of chronic low back pain, residual limb pain, and phantom pain leading to restrictions in functional activity[1]. Patients with high levels of pain and disability may develop avoidance behaviors. Pain that is perceived as non-threatening leads to the patient’s recovery and return to normal activities of daily life. Pain that is perceived as threatening, or pain catastrophizing, causes anxiety and induces mobility apprehension which leads to avoidance behaviors. Avoidance behaviors may lead to greater pain, depression, and disability[3 ]. Factors described in the literature that are related to mobility apprehension were measured in a sample of lower limb amputees. The purpose was to determine which of pain intensity, interference, and catastrophizing lead to increased mobility apprehension
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