Abstract
Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is one of the most important and common public health problem not only in India but also in most of the South East Asian countries. Anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder in the world. There is predominance of iron deficiency anaemia (nutritional anaemia). In pregnancy, it is one of the leading causes responsible for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Objective: To find out the risk factors associated with anaemia in pregnant women at MMIMSR during the study period with special reference to the severity of the disease.Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala. The study was carried out between the period of october 2012 to September 2014.A total of 200 cases of moderate and severe anaemia were included in the study on the basis of simple random sampling method and 200 cases of non anaemic subjects were included to serve as controls for the anaemic group, during the study period. Hb gm/dl was taken as criteria for deciding anaemia cases and also to classify them according to the severity. Cases were classified according to WHO criteria.Results: Out of 200 cases of anaemia, 70% were moderately anaemic (Hb 7 – 9.9gm/dl) and 30% were severly anaemic (Hb < 7gm/dl). Microcytic hypochromic type of anaemia (82.5%) was more prevalent suggesting nutritional inadequacies as cause of anaemia.Conclusion: In the present study maternal illiteracy, low SES, inadequate antenatal care, close birth spacing, poor nutrition were all risk factors for anaemia in pregnancy Microcytic hypochromic type of anaemia (82.5%) was more prevalent suggesting nutritional inadequacies as cause of anaemia.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(4) 2018 p.583-592
Highlights
Pregnancy is special: let’s make it safe Pregnancy is a unique experience in every woman’s life
This is comparable to the study conducted by Khandait DW et al (2001)[23]; in which 70% of the cases belonged to 20-29 years age group
Studies conducted by Sanha H et al[9], Lokare PO et al[11], Judith A et al[18] and Hashim N et al[13], Ndukwu GU14 concluded that anaemia was more prevalent in women belonging to low socio economic class
Summary
Pregnancy is special: let’s make it safe Pregnancy is a unique experience in every woman’s life. Most of the pregnant patients presenting to outpatient department have iron deficiency anaemia. There is predominance of iron deficiency anaemia (nutritional anaemia) In pregnancy, it is one of the leading causes responsible for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To find out the risk factors associated with anaemia in pregnant women at MMIMSR during the study period with special reference to the severity of the disease. Microcytic hypochromic type of anaemia (82.5%) was more prevalent suggesting nutritional inadequacies as cause of anaemia. Conclusion: In the present study maternal illiteracy, low SES, inadequate antenatal care, close birth spacing, poor nutrition were all risk factors for anaemia in pregnancy Microcytic hypochromic type of anaemia (82.5%) was more prevalent suggesting nutritional inadequacies as cause of anaemia.
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