Factors Associated With Hospital Outcomes for Cases of Anemia in Pregnancy at a Regional Level in Burkina Faso

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Complications related to anemia in pregnancy are common in referral hospitals in Burkina Faso. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with hospital outcomes for anemia in pregnancy at a regional level in Burkina Faso. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on anemia cases identified from hospital records of pregnant women admitted between 2009 and 2011 in the maternity wards of public referral hospitals of the Cascades region in Burkina Faso. The hospital outcome was favorable if it was satisfactory for both the mother and the fetus, and unfavorable in the other cases. The factors associated with unfavorable hospital outcomes were identified through multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 1,815 cases of anemia in pregnancy were identified from hospital records and considered in the study. The outcome of hospitalization for the mother and fetus entity was unfavorable in 42.6% of cases. The factors associated with unfavorable hospital outcomes were rural residence (OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.00-1.74), evacuation cases (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.48-2.60), 1st or 2nd trimester of pregnancy (OR = 2.74; 95% CI: 2.03-3.68), severe anemia (OR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.75-3.46), moderate anemia (OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.05-1.85) and poor quality of anemia prevention (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.62-4.88). The unfavorable hospital outcomes were less frequent in women in a union (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26-0.84), in nulliparous and primiparous (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54-0.88). CONCLUSION: Unfavorable maternal-fetal hospital outcomes were common among cases of anemia in pregnancy in the Cascades region of Burkina Faso. They were more common in rural women, those admitted from an evacuation, those in early pregnancy, those with severe anemia, and those with poor quality anemia prevention.