Abstract
BackgroundHigher rates of maternal complications and deaths have been described in home births. However, few local studies have evaluated factors associated with home births in Peru. The study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with home birth in the Peruvian population. MethodsA population-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using pooled data from the 2015–2017 Peruvian Demographic and Health Surveys. A logistic regression model was performed to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for the association between sociodemographic and mother-related factors and home births. ResultsSeven out of every 100 births were home births. Living in a rural area (aOR = 3.10; 95% CI: 2.52–3.81), having a primary or secondary educational level, belonging to a medium or low wealth tertile, being from the rest of the Coast, Andean or Amazon regions, the second or greater number of birth order and considering the distance to the health center as problematic (aOR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17–1.48) were found to be associated with a higher probability of home births. Contrarily, being in the age groups of 25–34 and 35–39 years old, having a multiple pregnancy and giving birth to a medium (aOR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78–1.00) or large-sized newborn (aOR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72–0.93) were associated with a lower probability of presenting home births. ConclusionsSociodemographic factors are associated with home births in Peru. Further study of these factors is required to develop strategies specific to the needs of the population of childbearing age.
Highlights
Maternal mortality declined by 30% between 1990 and 2015, with 80% of maternal deaths during gestation, delivery, and postpartum taking place in countries belonging to the two bottom quintiles of the sociodemographic index [1]
This study sought to determine the prevalence of home births in Peruvian women and its associated factors
Living in a rural area, having a lower educational level, belonging to the medium or low wealth tertile, being from the rest of the Coast, Andean, or Amazon regions, having a second or greater number of birth order and considering the distance to the establishment as a problem were associated with a greater probability of home births
Summary
Maternal mortality declined by 30% between 1990 and 2015, with 80% of maternal deaths during gestation, delivery, and postpartum taking place in countries belonging to the two bottom quintiles of the sociodemographic index [1]. In 2016, more than 2.5 million children died in the first month of life, most during the first week after birth [2] For this reason, as part of the Sustainable Development Goal number three, the United Nations seeks to reduce maternal and infant mortality and improve maternal health worldwide [3]. Higher rates of maternal and perinatal complications and deaths have been described in home births, as well as difficulties in managing complications due to the need for transfer to a health facility [11, 12, 13]. Conclusions: Sociodemographic factors are associated with home births in Peru Further study of these factors is required to develop strategies specific to the needs of the population of childbearing age
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