Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the factors associated with halitosis in Chinese white-collar employees.Materials and MethodsSubjects in three randomly selected office buildings in Shanghai, China, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study using cluster random sampling. Oral malodor was assessed by measuring volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) with a portable sulfide monitor. Subjects’ oral health, including dental caries, periodontal status, and tongue coating, was evaluated clinically. A questionnaire was used to obtain information about participants’ demographic characteristics, oral hygiene habits, and health behaviors.ResultsOf the 805 subjects invited to participate in this study, 720 were enrolled (89.4% response rate). Data from these subjects were used for statistical analyses. The prevalence of halitosis was 33.2%. In the final regression model, halitosis was significantly related to tongue coating thickness, periodontal pocket depth, no food consumption within 2 hours prior to oral examination, and less intake frequency of sweet foods.ConclusionsIn this Chinese white-collar population, tongue coating and periodontal disease were associated with halitosis. Oral hygiene education should be provided at the population level to encourage the maintenance of oral health and fresh breath. Consumption of sweet foods may reduce VSC production, although this finding requires further investigation.
Highlights
The term “halitosis” refers to an unpleasant or offensive odor emanating from the mouth, regardless of whether its source is oral or non-oral[1,2,3,4]
In the final regression model, halitosis was significantly related to tongue coating thickness, periodontal pocket depth, no food consumption within 2 hours prior to oral examination, and less intake frequency of sweet foods
In this Chinese white-collar population, tongue coating and periodontal disease were associated with halitosis
Summary
To investigate the factors associated with halitosis in Chinese white-collar employees. Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper an its Supporting Information file. Xi Chen was the sponsor, and provided materials and analysis tools and completed the manuscript
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