Factors Associated with Financial Security, Food Security and Quality of Daily Lives of Residents in Nigeria during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan ,Joanne Lusher,Mark Roque,Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan,Passent Ellakany,Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika,Jorma I Virtanen,Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño,Maha El Tantawi,Martin Amogre Ayanore,Mohammed Jafer,Folake Barakat Lawal,Ifeoma Idigbe,Oliver Ezechi,Mir Faeq Ali Quadri,Zumama Khalid,Eshrat Ara,Balgis Gaffar,Nourhan M Aly,Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi,Ala’A B Al-Tammemi,Brandon Brown,Nuraldeen Maher Al‐Khanati ,Muhammad Yousaf ,Olanrewaju Ibıgbamı ,Ntombifuthi P Nzimande ,Joseph Okeibunor ,Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zúñiga ,Annie Nguyen

doi:10.3390/ijerph18157925

Abstract

An online survey was conducted to identify factors associated with financial insecurity, food insecurity and poor quality of daily lives of adults in Nigeria during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The associations between the outcome (experience of financial loss, changes in food intake and impact of the pandemic on daily lives) and the explanatory (age, sex, education level, anxiety, depression, HIV status) variables were determined using logistic regression analysis. Of the 4439 respondents, 2487 (56.0%) were financially insecure, 907 (20.4%) decreased food intake and 4029 (90.8%) had their daily life negatively impacted. Males (AOR:0.84), people who felt depressed (AOR:0.62) and people living with HIV -PLHIV- (AOR:0.70) had significantly lower odds of financial insecurity. Older respondents (AOR:1.01) had significantly higher odds of financial insecurity. Those depressed (AOR:0.62) and PLHIV (AOR:0.55) had significantly lower odds of reporting decreased food intake. Respondents who felt anxious (AOR:0.07), depressed (AOR: 0.48) and who were PLHIV (AOR:0.68) had significantly lower odds of reporting a negative impact of the pandemic on their daily lives. We concluded the study findings may reflect a complex relationship between financial insecurity, food insecurity, poor quality of life, mental health, and socioeconomic status of adults living in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Highlights

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic varied between regions and countries
Respondents who felt anxious (AOR: 0.08; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.03–0.17; p < 0.001), depressed (AOR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.27–0.85; p = 0.012) and who were PLHIV (AOR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.50–0.92; p = 0.012) had significantly lower odds of reporting a negative impact of the pandemic on their daily life
The study findings underscore the complex relationships between factors associated factors associated with financial insecurity, decrease in food intake and the negative impact of COVID-19 among adults in Nigeria

Summary

Introduction

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic varied between regions and countries. Food insecurity was worse in the most fragile regions of the world [1]. In many countries around the world, many organisations and businesses had to shut down to maximise public safety resulting in significant loss of revenue. Staff were laid off, work hours were reduced, salaries were cut, and furloughs were enacted in a bid to meet organisations’ operating costs [4,5]. These types of market shocks have unequal consequences on the financial well-being of populations as a whole [6]

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