Factors Associated with Delayed Utilization of Antenatal Care Services among Pregnant Women: A Case Study at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda

Abstract

In Uganda, despite the critical benefits of early initiation of Antenatal Care (ANC) within the first trimester of pregnancy, a significant proportion of women exhibit poor attendance during this period. This study aimed to identify the factors contributing to delayed utilization of ANC services among pregnant women at Jinja Regional Referral Hospital (JRRH). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, employing quantitative methods. Data were collected from 93 pregnant women who had missed their first trimester ANC visit between March 1st and April 15th, 2023, using a pretested questionnaire. The study revealed various maternal, socioeconomic, and health facility-related factors contributing to delayed ANC utilization. Maternal factors such as young age, unplanned pregnancies, and primiparity were associated with delayed ANC attendance. Socioeconomic factors including financial constraints for transport and negative sociocultural beliefs also hindered timely ANC visits. Health facility-related factors such as long distances, extended waiting times, and high service costs further contributed to delayed utilization. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions addressing these multifaceted barriers to ensure timely access to ANC services, thereby reducing maternal and infant morbidity and mortality in Uganda. Efforts should focus on improving awareness, enhancing accessibility, and addressing sociocultural norms to promote early ANC initiation and utilization among pregnant women.