Factors Associated with Cardiovascular Complications and Mortality in Patients with Covid-19 Treated at Care Sites in Benin between 2020 and 2021

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 is a viral infectious disease caused by SARSCoV- 2. Mortality from this disease is significant in subjects with cardiovascular comorbidity. The objective of this work was to study the factors associated with cardiovascular complications and mortality in patients treated for COVID-19 in Benin between 2020 and 2021. Methods: The study was descriptive cross-sectional with an analytical aim and took place from March 16, 2020 to June 30, 2021 in the Epidemic Treatment Centers of Benin. Patients with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR or imaging were included. Data were collected from medical records, entered with the KoboCollect application and processed with SPSS 21 software. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: Of the 1265 patients, the main cardiovascular comorbidities found were hypertension (45.2%), diabetes (24.3%), obesity (11.2%), stroke (5 .5%) and heart disease (4.4%). The evolution was simple with recovery in 83.5% of patients. Cardiovascular complications were observed in 20.1% of cases. The mortality rate was 16.5%. The factors associated with cardiovascular complications were age ≥ 50 years (p=0.013), history of stroke (p=0.003) and severity of COVID-19 (p< 0.001). The factors associated with mortality were the severity of the case (p< 0.001), the existence of comorbidities such as cancer (p=0.012), chronic renal failure (p< 0.001) and decompensation of pre-existing heart disease (p=0.019). Conclusion: Cardiovascular complications and mortality related to COVID-19 are more observed in patients with cardiovascular comorbidity, renal failure or cancer. Preventive actions should be more rigorous in the latter.