Factors Associated with Bacterial Vaginosis in Women of Reproductive Age

Abstract

The BV is the most prevalent alteration of the vaginal microbiota and constitutes an important public health problem, the prevalence varies by age, ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and geographic region and the risk factors associated with this condition, are included the number of sexual partners, the use of the intrauterine device, use of vaginal douche, hygiene habits and sexual practices/behaviors. To determine the prevalence and factors associated with bacterial vaginosis in women of reproductive age. Cross-sectional study was developed in Botucatu, Brazil, including 315 women. Data were obtained by applying a questionnaire and gynecological examination, with sample collection for analysis of the vaginal microbiota pattern, according to the Nugent scoring system. The association between independent variables and outcome was performed using a regression model. The variables that most influenced the outcome (p<0.20) were taken to the multiple logistic regression model and those independently associated with the outcome (p<0.05) were identified. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 32% (101/315) and the associated variables were: not living with a partner [1.13(1.02-1.25), p=0.021], use of vaginal douche [1.42(1.22-1.64), p=0.000] and genital hair removal [1.19(1.01-1.42), p=0.042]. Results point to the importance of screening for this vaginal dysbiosis in routine gynecological care and suggest the importance of health professionals conducting guidance on proper intimate hygiene practices for women.