Factors associated with asthma control: MOSAR study (Multicenter Observational Study of Asthma in Rabat-Morocco)

Imane Ghanname,Yahia Cherrah,Mustapha Laine,Ahmed Chaker,Abdelhak Zoglat,Khalid Rahhali,Serge Arnaul Ebongue,Abha Cherkani Hassani,Aida Maria Benitez Rexach,Laila Herrak,Samir Ahid

doi:10.1186/s12890-018-0624-6

Abstract

BackgroundThe purpose of the study is to describe the profile of patients with asthma and to identify the signifiant risks and the protective factors associated with asthma control.MethodsA prospective epidemiological study was conducted in three hospitals of Rabat-Morocco and included 396 patients with asthma. Differences in characteristics across the levels of asthma control were compared by the one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables, and chi-square test was used for categorical variables. The risk and protective factors associated with the asthma control levels were determined by Proportional Odds Model (POM) for bivariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression, also expressed as Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI).ResultsFrom 7440 patients screened by 28 physicians, 396 were included in study. 53% of the particiants sufferd controlled, 18% had partly controlled and 29% had uncontrolled asthma symptoms. A multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that having respiratory infections (AOR = 5.71), suffering from concomitant diseases (AOR = 3.36) and being allergic to animals (AOR = 2.76) were positively associated with poor control of asthma. However, adherence to treatement (AOR = 0.07), possession of health insurance (AOR = 0.41) and having more than 2 children (AOR = 0.47) were associated with good asthma control.ConclusionThe study established a clinical-epidemiological profile of asthmatic patients in Rabat region in Morocco. By ordinal logistic regression we found that 6 factors - respiratory infections, concomitant diseases, animals allergy, adherence to treatment, health insurance and having more than two children – were associated with asthma control.

Highlights

The purpose of the study is to describe the profile of patients with asthma and to identify the signifiant risks and the protective factors associated with asthma control
Cazzoletti et al [24] reported in their European study on asthma control that the rate of uncontrolled patients ranged from 20% (Iceland) to 67% (Italy).Almost two-third of asthmatic patients included in a study evaluating the degree of asthma control in Spain in 2006 were poorly controlled [25]
The study has established a clinical-epidemiological profile of asthmatic patients in Rabat region-Morocco and examined the socio-demographic, environmental and clinical factors associated with asthma control in the region

Summary

Introduction

The purpose of the study is to describe the profile of patients with asthma and to identify the signifiant risks and the protective factors associated with asthma control. Prevalence of asthma varies, from 1 to 18% depending on the countries [4,5,6,7,8,9], its much cost, its unpredictable evolution and the possibility to prevent its exacerbation, make asthma a capricious disease that forms a public health priority [10]. Some deadly forms could be avoided through better supervision and better education of patients [2]. Studies in French populations showed there are 2000 deaths annually due to asthma, most of them could be avoided [2] and less asthma patient care often leads to severe forms that need hospitalization. Ghanname et al BMC Pulmonary Medicine (2018) 18:61 nearly 50% of the asthmatic population does not take the prescribed treatment [11]

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