Abstract
Background: Leprosy is a neglected, chronic and infectious tropical disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It presents with skin and peripheral nerves alterations, responsible for irreversible physical disabilities. Brazil is one of the main countries endemic for the disease, persisting as a public health problem; its position is the first in the world in terms of prevalence coefficient. Objectives: To analyze the magnitude and factors associated with activity limitation in new leprosy cases diagnosed in the reference center in northeastern Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out in a reference center located in the municipality of Juazeiro - Bahia, between January and June 2018, involving 50 people diagnosed with leprosy. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were collected in addition to the application of the SALSA scale (Screening of Activity Limitation and Safety Awareness) for the analysis of functional limitation. The data were structured using Microsoft Excel software and, for analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows was used. Logistic regression was used with the calculation of the Odds Ratio to identify the factors associated with functional limitation. A 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level were adopted. Results: The presence of functional limitations was registered in 32% (n = 16) of the cases analyzed, especially female (56.3%), elderly (37.5%), low education (87.6%), dimorphic form (62.5%), multibacillary classification (75.0%) and degree 2 of physical disability (50.0%). Functional limitation was associated with: age group ≥ 45 years (OR 3.80; p = 0.047), multibacillary age (OR 4.28; p = 0.021) and OMP score ≥ 6 (OR 4.69; p = 0.041). 75% of individuals with limitations were aged ≥ 45 years and were multibacillary. Conclusions: The factors associated with functional limitation were age equal to or greater than 45 years, multibacillary classification and OMP score greater than or equal to six. Early diagnosis and timely treatment in the routine of health services can contribute to the prevention of physical disability and functional limitations.
Highlights
Capsaicin is able to induce mast cell degranulation, an event probably related to the pathophysiology of a migraine attack
Objectives: The present review study aimed to address the mechanisms of action of capsaicin and other chemical inducers in mast cell degranulation and an interaction of nerves and events that happen in the dura mater with the activation of mast cells
The analyses showed significantly higher frequency of the genotype VV in those who had depression, compared with the allele A
Summary
Capsaicin is able to induce mast cell degranulation, an event probably related to the pathophysiology of a migraine attack. Neuroinfections are pathologies that affect the CNS, for example, we have Murcomycosis, a progressive infection caused by opportunistic fungi of the order Mucorales, with high frequency in Immunodepressed patients, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the main underlying pathology associated with the development of Rhinocerebral Murcomycosis, which represents 50% of the cases, with a mortality rate of 70% (Sidrim, 2012, p.168). The COVID-19 pandemic has been alarming the world since its first outbreak in December 2019 In this scenario, the presence of aggravating factors such as the elevation of the D-dimer and the reduction of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) during the clinical course of the disease, collaborated in the appearance of thromboembolic events derived from inflammatory processes and extensive intravascular coagulation, contributing to the emergence of diseases such as Hemorrhagic Stroke (ICH), leading the patient to have a worse clinical prognosis and a consecutive worsening of their health. Despite being classically associated with this etiology, the finding may be present in other diseases, especially infiltrative ones
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