FACTORS ANALYSIS USE ELECTRICAL ENERGY SOURCES IN MICROGRIDS FROM ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM POSITION

Abstract

The analysis of the factors of the use of electrical energy sources in microgrids from the point of view of the energy management system is a comprehensive study aimed at studying and evaluating various aspects of the use of electrical energy in small energy systems that can function independently of centralized energy networks. The main purpose of such an analysis is to identify key factors , which affect the efficiency and stability of the microgrid, as well as in the development of strategies to optimize their operation from the point of view of energy management. To achieve this goal, research is conducted covering the following aspects: technical characteristics of electrical sources, economic aspects, environmental consequences, energy management, social aspects. This is an important stage in the development of energy systems, aimed at creating efficient and sustainable energy solutions for the future. The analysis of the efficiency, reliability and power of various energy sources, such as solar batteries, wind turbines, batteries, etc., was considered. The cost of installation and operation of electric energy sources was calculated. , including the costs of maintenance, maintenance and replacement of equipment. The method of analyzing the impact of the use of various energy sources on the environment and the development of strategies for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and other harmful substances are given. The essence of energy management systems that allow efficient management of production, storage and distribution of electricity in microgrids to ensure maximum efficiency and stability of system operation is considered. The question of the development of alternative energy sources has become particularly relevant, therefore, considering the existing structures of microgrids, it is advisable to notice the peculiarities of the construction of each microgrid, for example, the structure of a microgrid based on a wind generator can be built in several variants, and in a solar power plant, for efficient operation, the MPPT control algorithm is used, which aims to control the step-up converter in that point of the current and voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic battery, where the maximum output power can be obtained. In such microgrid structures, storage batteries are used for reserve, which are charged through step-up converters. Inverters are used to power the AC load. It is advisable to combine the solar power plant and the wind generator system into one microgrid structure, and to ensure the operation of the microgrid in conditions of low generation of one or both generating units, a diesel-generator system is used. In the built hybrid structure of the microgrid, there are operational costs that must be minimized.