Abstract
As a significant energy consumer, China is under tremendous pressure from the international community to address climate change issues by reducing carbon emissions; thus, the use of clean energy is imperative. Wind power is an essential source of renewable energy, and improving the efficiency of wind power generation will contribute substantially to China’s ability to achieve its energy-saving and emission reduction goals. This paper measured the wind power efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2017 using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method. Moran’s I index and the spatial Durbin model were applied to analyse the spatial distribution of the wind power efficiency and the spatial effects of influencing factors. The results show obvious differences in the spatial distribution of wind power efficiency in China; specifically, the wind power efficiency in the eastern and western regions is higher than that in the central areas. Moreover, wind power efficiency has a significant positive spatial correlation between regions: the eastern and western regions show certain high-high clustering characteristics, and the central area shows certain low-low clustering characteristics. Among the influencing factors, the fixed asset investment and carbon emission intensity of the wind power property have a negative impact on the efficiency of regional wind power production, while the urbanization process and carbon emission intensity have significant spatial spillover effects. The optimization of the economic structure, technological innovation and the construction of energy infrastructure are expected to improve the regional wind power efficiency. The results present a new approach for accurately identifying the spatial characteristics of wind power efficiency and the spatial effects of the influencing factors, thus providing a reference for policymakers.
Highlights
With the need to reduce global carbon emissions and mitigate climate change, the development of renewable energy (RE) has aroused widespread interest because it offers multiple benefits, such as improved energy security, enhanced technological competitiveness, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions [1]
The wind power (WP) efficiency at the provincial level in China during the 2012–2017 period is calculated by the slackbased measure model (SBM)-data envelopment analysis (DEA) model
China is under pressure to tackle climate change, achieve carbon emission reduction and fulfil its international responsibilities
Summary
With the need to reduce global carbon emissions and mitigate climate change, the development of renewable energy (RE) has aroused widespread interest because it offers multiple benefits, such as improved energy security, enhanced technological competitiveness, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions [1]. At the Paris climate conference in 2015, China proposed specific carbon emission reduction targets, committing to reducing its carbon emission intensity by 60–65% by 2030, and a series of emission reduction plans have been formulated to achieve this goal [2]. To this end, China has begun to prioritize the use of RE, and its energy system is developing in a clean and low-carbon direction [3]. With the large-scale development and widespread use of WP, problems related to WP consumption, large-scale grid connections
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