Factors Affecting Use of Personal Protective Equipment and the Risk of Contact Dermatitis among Scavengers in Surakarta, Central Java: Application Of Health Belief Model

Abstract

Background: Contact dermatitis is triggered by contact with an allergen or substance that causes skin inflammation. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is important to pro­­tect individual against health risks while working. The purpose of this study was to de­termine factors affecting use of PPE and the risk of contact dermatitis among scavengers using health belief model (HBM). Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Putri Cempo land­fill, Mojosongo, Surakarta, Central Java, from March to April 2019. A sample of 203 sca­­­vengers was selected by total sampling. The dependent variable was contact der­ma­titis. The independent variables were age, education, perceived susceptibility, perceived be­nefit, and PPE use. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a mul­tiple logistic regression. Results: The risk of dermatitis in scavengers increased with age 15-35 years old (OR= 28.71: 95% CI= 2.75 to 302.54; p= 0.005), education <junior high school (OR= 32.72; 95% CI= 2.81 to 380.27; p= 0.005), incomplete PPE use (OR= 251.10; 95% CI= 10.79 to 5843.82; p= 0.001), low perceived susceptibility (OR= 7.64; 95% CI= 1.10 to 53.12; p= 0.040), and low perceived benefit (OR= 18.97; 95% CI= 2.08 to 172.81; p= 0.009). Conclusion: The risk of dermatitis increases with age 15-35 years old, education <junior high school, inclomplete PPE, low perceived susceptibility, and low perceived be­nefit. Keywords: contact dermatitis, personal protective equipment, scavenger