Abstract
Factors affecting tribocharging characteristics of toners were investigated by measuring charge to mass ratio (Q/M) and thermally stimulated current (TSC) spectra. First, the charging characteristics of toners were examined. The toners were chemically treated by methanol vapor or acetone vapor to modify the charging characteristics. The influence of heat treatments on the charging characteristics of toners were also investigated. Charge to mass ratio, ionization potentials, apparent resistivity and TSC spectra after corona charging were measured on untreated and treated toners. The density and depth of charging traps in toner particle were examined by measuring the TSC spectra of the toners. Change in ionization potentials, apparent resistivity and TSC spectra associated with the chemical or heat treatments depended on the kinds of toner. The influences of ionization potential and apparent resistivity on tribocharging characteristics of toners are discussed. The charge to mass ratio of toners increased with an increase in TSC peak height. The tribocharging polarity depended on the ionization potentials. Next, charge traps in toner particle were examined by measuring TSC. Toners with or without charge control agent (CCA) were used in the study. It was confirmed through the TSC measrurements that the TSC peak height of the toners with CCA was larger than that of the toners without CCA.
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