Factors Affecting the Spatial Resolution in 2D Grating–Based X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging

Siwei Tao,Xu Liu,Congxiao He,Cuifang Kuang,Xiang Hao

doi:10.3389/fphy.2021.672207

Siwei Tao, Xu Liu + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2021.672207

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Abstract

X-ray phase contrast imaging is a promising technique in X-ray biological microscopy, as it improves the contrast of images for materials with low electron density compared to traditional X-ray imaging. The spatial resolution is an important parameter to evaluate the image quality. In this paper, simulation of factors which may affect the spatial resolution in a typical 2D grating–based phase contrast imaging system is conducted. This simulation is based on scalar diffraction theory and the operator theory of imaging. Absorption, differential phase contrast, and dark-field images are retrieved via the Fourier transform method. Furthermore, the limitation of the grating-to-detector distance in the spatial harmonic method is discussed in detail.

Highlights

In 1895, the X-ray was discovered when Roentgen was engaged in the experiment of cathode rays
We demonstrate a simulation of a 2D grating–based phase contrast imaging system
We successfully simulated raw images obtained from a 2D grating–based phase contrast imaging system

Summary

Introduction

In 1895, the X-ray was discovered when Roentgen was engaged in the experiment of cathode rays. This extends the application of X-ray phase contrast imaging technology [10,11,12,13] In this technique, the spatial harmonic method is a variant grating–based method where absorption, differential phase contrast, and dark-field can be obtained from a single raw image [14,15,16]. The spatial harmonic method is a variant grating–based method where absorption, differential phase contrast, and dark-field can be obtained from a single raw image [14,15,16] This method could accelerate the imaging speed due to one exposure compared to multiple exposures of the phase-stepping method [15]. 2D grating is preferred as it could increase the robustness and accuracy of phase retrieval compared with 1D grating [17]

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Discussion

Conclusion