Factors affecting the advancement of Black nurses into leadership roles: A scoping review

Abstract

BackgroundThe profession of nursing has recognized the lack of diversity in nursing leadership. Nurses of color represent fewer than 20% of leadership roles in nursing administration, education, and professional organizations. Efforts are needed to identify and implement strategies to increase the representation of nurses of color in positions of high influence. PurposeTo review the literature to uncover the factors that may impact Black nurses in their pursuit of leadership roles in nursing administration, education, and professional organizations. MethodsThe authors conducted a scoping review, searching CINAHL and PubMed databases in November 2022 for peer-reviewed English-language studies of leadership among U.S. nurses. They excluded studies that did not include a research method, did not have participants, a minimum of baccalaureate preparation as an inclusion criterion for participants, or were published before January 1, 2012. DiscussionOf 331 articles identified, a total of 12 met the inclusion criteria. Evaluation of the studies revealed three concepts related to mentorship, racism, and hiring practices. Of the 12 studies, 9 addressed issues related to mentorship, 5 addressed issues related to racism, and 2 addressed issues related to hiring practices. Some studies address more than one of the concepts. Ten were qualitative studies, and two were quantitative studies. ConclusionFindings suggest that Black nurse leaders are faced with obstacles and challenges when considering entering and/or staying in leadership roles. The limited amount of research on Black nurses in leadership roles remains inadequate.