Abstract
Background: The etiology of sleep disruption in intensive care unit is poorly known and often ignored complication. It is caused by the environmental factors especially pain, noise, diagnostic testing and human interventions that cause sleep disruption. Light, medications and activities related to patient care interfere with patient’s ability to have good sleep. There are multi-factorial environmental etiologies for disruption of sleep in ICU.
 Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors disturbing the sleep quality in intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients.
 Methodology: A cross sectional study was designed involving 150 patients admitted in intensive care unit and high dependency unit of Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. The duration of study was from September 2015 to March 2016. The questionnaire was made and filled with the help of patients. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.00.
 Results: Mean age of patients was 50.46+10.96 with maximum age of 65 and minimum age of 30 years. There was 53.33% male patients and 46.67% females participating in this study. The sleep quality was significantly poor in ICU than at home. After analysis, 54.67% patients were with poor quality of sleep due to pain and 48.67% were due to noise of environmental stimuli. The other factors were alarms, light and loud talking.
 Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable.
 Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable.
Highlights
Sleep is normal and episodic condition of immobility and dynamic physiological process in which individual is unresponsive to external sensory stimuli and unaware of environment
Majority of study population was with good quality of daytime sleep after extubation. 50.67% had good sleep, 27.33% had very good sleep, 1.33% had excellent sleep and 20.67% had poor quality of daytime sleepiness after extubation. (Figure 4) Majority of patients had poor quality of sleep due to pain. 54.67% of patients had poor sleep due to pain. 21.335 had good, 14% had very good sleep and only 10% had excellent sleep quality during pain. (Figure 5) In current study, 48.67% of patients had poor sleep quality due to noise in intensive care unit, 20.67% had good sleep, 17.33% had very good sleep and only 13.33% patients had excellent sleep
Patients had disturbed sleep in intensive care unit (ICU) due to noise which is often overlooked. (Figure 6) Sleep quality was good in 37.33% (56) patients due to light, 25.33% (38) were with very good sleep and 27.33% (41) were with excellent sleep due to light
Summary
Sleep is normal and episodic condition of immobility and dynamic physiological process in which individual is unresponsive to external sensory stimuli and unaware of environment. (5) Environmental noise is main cause of sleep disturbance in intensive care unit. (10) Multifactorial issues that are disturbing the sleep include noise lighting, patient care activities, vital sign monitoring, phlebotomy and medication administration. The environment of intensive care units is mostly responsible for disturbance of patient behavior and sleep than the underlying disease. The etiology of sleep disruption in intensive care unit is poorly known and often ignored complication It is caused by the environmental factors especially pain, noise, diagnostic testing and human interventions that cause sleep disruption. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors disturbing the sleep quality in intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients. 54.67% patients were with poor quality of sleep due to pain and 48.67% were due to noise of environmental stimuli. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable
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