Factors affecting perceived effectiveness of Typhoon Vamco (Ulysses) flood disaster response among Filipinos in Luzon, Philippines: An integration of protection motivation theory and extended theory of planned behavior

Abstract

Typhoon Vamco (Ulysses) is considered one of the most devastating typhoons in the Philippines in 2020. It caused fatalities, property destructions, and catastrophic flooding in Metro Manila and the nearby provinces. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors affecting the perceived effectiveness of the 2020 typhoon Vamco (Ulysses) flood disaster response among Filipinos by integrating the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). 567 Filipinos answered an online survey questionnaire with 75 questions (63 indicators and 11 latent variables). Structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that geographical perspective (GL) and typhoon – flood experience and knowledge (TPE) had significant effects on Perceived Severity (PS) and Perceived Vulnerability (PV), which subsequently led to Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), Subjective Norms (SN), and Attitude (ATB). PBC, SN, and ATB were also found to have significant effects on Intention to Follow, which subsequently led to Behavior and Perceived Effectiveness from the 2020 Typhoon Vamco (Ulysses) flood disaster risk response. Interestingly, government support (GR) was insignificant to an effective flood disaster response, and 52.38% of respondents perceived that the typhoon had more severe effects than the flood after the typhoon. This study is the first study that analyzed the perceived effectiveness of disaster response towards 2020 Typhoon Vamco. The findings will be very beneficial for academicians and policymakers as it provides a robust model and results for experts to analyze natural disasters to develop optimum disaster risk responses in mitigating the severe effects of typhoon floods. Finally, the SEM construct can be broadened and adapted to flood disaster response effectiveness applicable in other natural disaster-prone countries.