Factors affecting nitrification with nitrite accumulation in treated wastewater by oxygen injection

Abstract

ABSTRACT This work provides information on nitrification with nitrite accumulation in low strength ammonia (below 50 mg L−1 NH4–N) and low organic matter (below 150 mg L−1 COD) reclaimed wastewater. In the South Tenerife reclaimed wastewater pipeline (62 km long), injection of O2 has been applied to promote a nitrification process in order to improve water quality and to avoid anaerobic conditions. Nitrification occurs, in most cases, with nitrite accumulation. The amount of oxidized nitrogen compounds produced increases with the oxygen dose applied. The nitrification process is usually favoured instead of the organic matter transformation, due to the low organic matter/ammonia nitrogen ratio of water. The influence of organic matter content on nitrification has been analysed, and a good suitability for COD has been found as an indicator for nitrification limitation (for the range of COD and NH4-N concentrations of the system). Nitrification limitation has been observed above 85 mg L−1 COD, and nitrification inhibition above a concentration of 105 mg L−1. In addition, the limitation of nitrite oxidation bacteria activity (nitrite accumulation) by free ammonia and temperature has been assessed, finding that, for the range of free ammonia (0.6–2.1 mg L−1 NH3) and temperature (20.4–27.0°C) in the study, temperature plays a much more relevant role than free ammonia on nitrite accumulation. The lower limiting temperature for nitrite build-up in the system has been 21.0°C. Below this temperature, nitrite accumulation did not exist or was very low.