Factors affecting masticatory performance of Japanese children

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse occlusal parameters and body variables to examine the factors accounting for masticatory performance of Japanese children in relation to adults. Sixty-six children and 24 adults chewed three pieces of a colour-changeable chewing gum, separately, for 30 s, 60 s, and 90 s. The colour change was measured at 30 s using L* a* b* colour space system. Biting force, occlusal contact areas, and occlusal pressure were recorded by Dental Prescale. Number of strokes, and the height and weight of the subjects were included in the statistical analysis. Within each sample, Student's t-test revealed significant differences among a* values at the three chewing times in which the value of a* (indicator of red) increased as the length of chewing time increased (P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the rate of mandibular movement in preschool children has a significant impact on masticatory performance (P < 0.05). In schoolchildren, the rate of mandibular movement, biting force, and body weight were significant factors (P < 0.05). In adults, occlusal contact area, biting force, and the rate of mandibular movement were the significant factors (P < 0.05). Factors affecting masticatory performance differ according to the developmental stage of the individual.